Universe of 3,000 Games/Universe of 3000 Game Patches.dmg/mac/u_z/UpdateSHII1.05.1/UpdateSHII1.05.1.rsrc/STR#_11007.txt

Text File | 1997-03-03 | 5KB | 229 lines

Synthetic plastics and
rubbers were very
instrumental in the
winning of World War II.

Bronze is an alloy of copper
and tin (not more than 11%
tin).  It was invented over
4000 years ago.

Silver was first used when
smelting was developed during
the Bronze Age.  Its symbol,
“Ag,” was derived from the
Latin “argentum,” meaning
“white and shining.”

Gold naturally occurs in
a pure state.  It was
made into ornaments by
the Egyptians as early
as 3000 BC.

Four umpires, one at
each base, call balls
and strikes, fair and
foul balls, and safe
or out.

The referee, who controls
the game from the field,
is assisted by two linesmen,
one on each sideline.

The number of officials
on the field increases
from high school to
college to professional
games.

College games use two
referees; professional
games require three.

The string side of the
bow is called the
“belly”; the other side
is called the “back.”

An outdoor game for most
of its history.  Indoor
bowling became popular
in the mid-19th century.

Men compete in floor exercise,
pommel horse, rings, vault,
parallel bars and high bar.
Women compete in uneven parallel
bars, vault, balance beam and
floor exercise.

Believed to have originated
in India in a version called
“poona.”  The shuttlecock
is hit back and forth over
a net with rackets.

Modern croquet evolved from
paille-maille in France in
the early 19th century, reaching
England about 1850 and the
U.S. shortly thereafter.

The first world championships
were held in London in 1926.

Wimbledon was first played
in 1877.  The first U.S.
championship was held in
Newport, Rhode Island in 1881.

Originated in Scotland.  The
first golf course in the U.S.
was the St. Andrews Golf Club
of Yonkers, N.Y., in 1888.

Developed from the ancient
game of quoits or a similar
ringtoss game.

Dates back to mid-19th century
Canada.  The first formal game
was played in Kingston, Ontario
in 1855.

Developed in Spain, brought
to Cuba in 1900 and Miami
in 1924.  The curved wicker
basket is called a “cesta.”

Believed to have originated
in ancient Persia.  “Polo”
comes from the Persian
“pulu,” meaning “willow
root,” from which balls
were made.

Originated in contests among
various North American Indian
tribes.  Players throw or bat
the ball into the goal, but
may also kick it in.

Probably the most popular
sport in the world, soccer
originated in England.  It
became an Olympic event in
1908.

Invented in 1895 by YMCA
physical fitness director
William G. Morgan in Holyoke,
Massachusetts.  Became an
Olympic event in 1964.

Until 1936, two-handed standing
shots were the norm.  In that
year, a Stanford University team
playing in a Madison Square
Garden promotion wowed audiences
with the one-handed jump shot.
As the new style quickly grew
popular, scores rose dramatically.

Derived from rugby and
soccer, football rivals
baseball as the most
popular athletic event
for spectators in the U.S.

Evolved from cricket and
rounders.  Abner Doubleday
is credited with inventing
the sport while a schoolboy
in Cooperstown, N.Y., but
it has not been proven that
Doubleday was ever in
Cooperstown in his life.

Teams of four athletes
run separate distances,
exchanging a baton
within designated zones.

Early poles were made
of wood.  Modern poles
are made of fiberglass.

The javelin point must
land first for a throw
to be considered legal.

Takeoffs must be from one
foot.  The “Fosbury Flop”
was popularized by Dick
Fosbury, who won the gold
in the 1968 Olympics.

Bob Beamon’s record
leap in the 1968 Mexico
City Olympics stood
for 23 years.

The hammer weighs 16 lbs
(7.26 kg) and consists of
a metal ball attached to
a handle by a steel wire.

The men’s shot put weighs 16
lbs (7.2 kg); the women’s, 8
lbs 13 oz (4 kg).  The most
popular style is called the
“O’Brien” technique.

Popular in the ancient Greek
Olympics.  The men’s discus
weighs 2 kg (4 lb, 6.55 oz);
the women’s 1 kg (2 lb, 3.27 oz).

Men’s hurdles have 10 barriers
in 110 meters (120.3 yds);
women’s hurdles have 8 barriers
in 100 meters (109.4 yds).

Diving from high platforms
became an Olympic event
in 1904; from low
springboards, in 1908.

An Olympic event since
the start of the
modern games in 1896.

Sailing’s premier race,
the America’s Cup, tests
both sailing ability and
yacht design technology.

Developed on England’s
Thames river.  The first
U.S. race was held in
New York City in 1811.

Developed as a sport on
the lakes of Scotland
and the canals of the
Netherlands.

World-class downhill racers
reach speeds of nearly 161
kph (100 mph).

Only men compete in this event.
There are two competitions, one
yielding jumps of around 71 m
(78 yds), the other yielding
jumps over 91 m (100 yds).